What is the ideal extraction time for a shot of espresso?

The ideal extraction time for a shot of espresso is commonly recognized as being between 25 to 30 seconds. This time frame allows for the optimal extraction of flavors and oils from the coffee grounds, resulting in a balanced taste and aroma in the finished espresso. During this period, the water passes through the coffee under pressure, extracting sweet, fruity, and complex flavors while minimizing bitterness.

If the extraction time is too short, you might end up with a weak and sour espresso, lacking depth and character. Conversely, if the extraction lasts too long, it could lead to over-extraction, resulting in a bitter taste and undesirable textures. Thus, aiming for 25 to 30 seconds provides a sweet spot that maximizes flavor while ensuring quality in the espresso shot.